The horse's hoof is a very specialised structure. It is designed to:
The hoof is a continuation of modified skin cells similar to horn, claws and nails of other species.
The question many horse owners are passionate about is: to shoe or not to shoe?
The Barefoot Trim
The barefoot trim is designed to give your domestic horse the same shape as a horse would have in the wild. People who support barefoot trimming say that if it happens naturally in the wild with the horse's evolution over 65 million years then it must be the best way to keep your horse's hooves. They equate the barefoot trim as 'natural'.
This natural design is based largely on the study of the mustang hoof in the USA. This wear is associated with specific hoof shape caused by the mid western North American environments.
Traditionally farriers have trimmed both shoed and non shod horses however those who are passionate about having horses trimmed in the barefoot method say this is an error. The technique required to perform correct barefoot trims are quite different to the normal way a farrier would trim a horse when preparing it for shoeing.
So let us evaluate the differences:
The Traditional Trim
The Barefoot Trim
Break-over occurs when the front of the hoof of the front feet is angled and bevelled. It eliminates the long sharp toe. This action is set to provide a more natural pivot point in the horses stride. This is said to allow the flex and mechanics to the hoof and leg structures, are more natural and better for the horse.
The barefoot trimmer focuses on ensuring a heel first landing which places the bulk of the horse's weight onto the horse heel therefore making the most the important mechanisms within the hoof that dissipates shock and the concussive forces. Traditional trimming tends to give the horse a toe-first landing. Horses which are kept barefoot are thought to have a reduced risk of injury, an overall proper balance of motion and improved performance.
When to Consider Traditional Shoeing
For some people the work that is required from the horse involves high levels of road work and long hours of work. Some horses require a great deal of traction in areas of high level jumping and eventing. Competing on grass which is often hard and dry or wet and slippery without studs in shoes can also make it difficult for the horse to prevent slips and falls.
So what do you do?
If your horse doesn't need shoes don't put them on. It is better to choose to go barefoot than being shod if you can. It is better for your horse's hoof, balance, ongoing soundness and also your wallet!
However like anything a trim is only as good as the person doing it. It is important to remember that no trim should ever leave your horse lame and a trim should never draw blood.
It is important for you to remember there are charlatans out there masquerading as experts who have left horse hooves 'naturally trimmed' leaving them with radical and bloody results, which have had fatal consequences.
A good hoof trim is a good hoof trim regardless of who does it, farrier, barefoot trimmer or horse owner.
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Hi all.
I am an equine science student in Australia and find all this chat very interesting, as I have now had my horse barefoot for two years and he is doing wonderfully. I am so glad to read Donna's comment about restored blood flow and lameness after a proper trim. I like to think of it as the same as the pain a person with flat feet feels when they first place arch support in their shoes. I myself had pain for weeks, but that does not mean it was the fault of the inserts.
So many horses have significant musculoskeletal and performance issues from poor long term farrier and compromised blood flow to the hooves due to lessened ability of the hoof to expand and contract under concussive forces. And yes, when a horse is not used to having ground in constant contact with their soul and frog (which is what is supposed to happen) this new feeling in different for them.
The main thing with barefoot trimming is that it is a lifestyle, and patience and a good trimmer are most important. I know the horse world is not good at giving horses time, 2 year old racing is a perfect example, but one cannot expect to take off shoes, pop the horse in its stable on soft footing for one night and then go out riding on rocks the next day. The hoof is an adaptive tissue and whatever terrain you want to ride on needs to be implemented into the horse's day to day life bit by bit so the hoof can adapt to it! If you allow this to happen you will discover a whole new world of happy, sound horses.
Happy trimming all!
Great article - I couldn't agree more - do what is right for you and your horse. I am a trained barefoot trimmer and still recognise the limitations of my horses feet and the exertions that work may put on them. I have five horses some shod and some unshod depending on their partifular feet. It depends on what I do with them and the horses feet as to how I treat them. I have a stationbred in full competition mode that hasn't had a shoe near her for almost twelve months, and a retired TB who in a huge paddock and runs all day who is shod because he is really sore and his feet don't grow if it wasn't for shoes he would have no hooves!. Horses may be tender for a day or two if you "go barefoot" but if lameness persists for more than a week - use common sense - change farriers or change the method. A farrier/trimmer who changes your horses feet soooo much that they are in pain (not tender for a few days) obviously does not know what they are doing. A horse with really "incorrect feet" cannot be fixed in a "proper trim" it takes months and your horses feet to adapt to barefoot trimming and if your trimmer knows what they are doing they will explain this. Sometimes you see blood as you do when you shoe - but this can be an indication of nothing more than pressure points - like we get blisters and indication that something is not quite right. You would not accept a farrier who causes excessive blood or lameness in your horse - and I would urge not to acept this from a barefoot trimmer! No explanation can account for this except that they don't know what they are doing and don't understand corrective measure take time - it dosen't happen overnight but it does happen!.
Just look at the differences and use your (savvy) brain.. I had horses trimmed by the farrier for many many years, because I had NO IDEA how to do it myself and I knew that if I got the angles wrong etc it would be detrimental to my horse, until having the opportunity to learn to trim for balance & soundness (I compiled info from the net and used my intuition along with advice from learned friends). All our own horses and the horses that come to us for help are barefoot trimmed - its wonderful to hear the sighs of relief when you "liberate" shod feet from their iron bonds and to be able to give relief from existing conditions simply by trimming for soundness is one of the greatest things one can do for their equine.. I will never go back to shoes - I love my "iron-free" horses (and they love being iron-free) LESS IS BEST.. 8)
must say i feel sorry for a lot of farriers out there they have looked after our horses feet for many years and some are not that great but most are pretty good my farrier trims the same as andrew bowe the barefoot blacksmith and he has always done it this way as for bare or shoes i feel it depends on the time you have bare means triming every 2 weeks
Regards "no trim should leave a horse lame", well... most horses are so poorly trimmed barefoot now a days, so much hoof and heel and bar is left on, that the horse has poor blood circulation as much so as if it were shod!
When the hoof gets a corrective barefoot trim (one that restores proper blood circulation), guess what happens? NERVE FUNCTION IS RESTORED AGAIN!
Shod or poorly trimmed barefoot horses have very little feeling in the hoof, then when nerve function resumes (because the ATP production resume normal levels with restored blood flow) the horse can now feel the pre-existing damage in the soft tissues (damaged coria), but could not feel this before due to the shoe or bad trimming reducing blood flow which, in turn, reduces nerve function.
So to anyone thinking that a horse was made lame because of a correct trim, think again, what are the real reasons for this. Don't blame the trim because the horse had numb and damaged feet to start with and then a proper trimmer comes along and restores feeling, nerve function, blood supply and this initiates healing of damaged tissues!
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